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The Dataset of Non-Violent Protest Events in Egypt 2025 is a systematically structured and computationally developed dataset that documents incidents of protest and civil mobilisation arising from economic, rights-based, political, and social backgrounds during the period from January 2025 to December 2025
In this edition, a “non-violent protest event” is defined as any organised or spontaneous form of unarmed protest against economic, social, political, or labour conditions, regardless of the identity of the organisers or participants, or the perceived legitimacy of the demands in official assessment. The definition explicitly excludes: individual complaints and distress appeals, judicial and administrative litigation, and cases involving threats of protest action without actual execution
Dataset Description
The Dataset of Non-Violent Protest Events in Egypt 2025 is a systematically structured and computationally developed dataset documenting protest incidents and civil mobilisation across economic, rights-based, political, and social contexts during the period from January 2025 to December 2025
The dataset comprises 1,849 documented events distributed across four quarterly periods. These were collected from multiple sources and subjected to a systematic process of verification and validation. The database covers the following core variables for each event
- Temporal and geographic trajectory: precise date, governorate, and location
- Type of protest action: field demonstration, labour strike, hunger strike inside/outside detention, field sit-in, collective statement of demands
- Organising actor category: including workers, political prisoners, trade unions, human rights activists, journalists, and others
- Grievance classification: economic, rights-based, political, or social
- Repressive response: intervention by security forces, arrest incidents with specified numbers, police report reference numbers, and resulting legal procedures
- Human and material losses, where applicable
- Documentation sources for each recorded event
The dataset is published under a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0). It is open-source and reusable for research, human rights, and journalistic purposes with proper attribution
Executive Summary
This release includes two primary sheets (1. The complete dataset sheet containing all events. 2. A descriptive statistics sheet comprising 7 statistical tables and 6 graphical visualizations)
Key Aggregate Indicators
- By type of protest event: Field demonstrations ranked first with 624 cases (33.7%), followed by labour strikes with 511 cases, hunger strikes inside detention (400 cases), hunger strikes outside detention (202 cases), in addition to 73 field sit-ins and 39 collective statements of demands
- By protest motivation: Economic demands dominated by a wide margin with 1,184 events (64%), followed by rights-based demands with 634 events (34.3%), then political demands (22 events) and social demands (9 events)
- By geographic distribution: Events were concentrated in central governorates (Cairo and Giza) with 958 events (51.8%), followed by Delta governorates (486), Upper Egypt governorates (254), border governorates (103), and Canal cities (48)
- By organising actor category: Public-sector employees ranked first with 481 events (driven primarily by large-scale mobilisation among bill collectors and water utility employees), followed by political prisoners (401), professional unions and independent community associations (383), private-sector and daily-wage workers (281), and human rights activists (214)
- By temporal development: The first quarter recorded 301 events, rising significantly in the second quarter to 686 events, then declining in the third quarter to 268 events, before increasing again in the fourth quarter to 594 events—indicating the presence of two major protest waves during the year
Stats
Graphs
